Behavioral studies on language processing rely on the eye-mind assumption, which states that the time spent looking at text is an index of the time spent processing it. In most cases, relatively shorter reading times are interpreted as evidence of greater processing efficiency. However, previous evidence from L2 research indicates that non-native participants who present fast reading times are not always more efficient readers, but rather shallow parsers. Because earlier studies did not identify a reliable predictor of variability in L2 (...) processing, such uncertainty around the interpretation of reading times introduces a potential confound that undermines the credibility and the conclusions of online measures of processing. The present study proposes that a recently developed modulator of online processing efficiency, namely, chunking ability, may account for the observed variability in L2 online reading performance. L1 English – L2 Spanish learners’ eye movements were analyzed during natural reading. Chunking ability was predictive of overall reading speed. Target relative clauses contained L2 Verb-Noun multiword units, which were manipulated with regards to their L1-L2 congruency. The results indicated that processing of the L1-L2 incongruent units was modulated by an interaction of L2 chunking ability and level of knowledge of multiword units. Critically, the data revealed an inverse U-shaped pattern, with faster reading times in both learners with the highest and the lowest chunking ability scores, suggesting fast integration in the former, and lack of integration in the latter. Additionally, the presence of significant differences between conditions was correlated with individual chunking ability. The findings point at chunking ability as a significant modulator of general L2 processing efficiency, and of cross-language differences in particular, and add clarity to the interpretation of variability in the online reading performance of non-native speakers. (shrink)

Previous work on individual differences has revealed limitations in the ability of existing measures (e.g., working memory) to predict language processing. Recent evidence suggests that an individual's sensitivity to detect the statistical regularities present in language (i.e., “chunk sensitivity”) may significantly modulate online sentence processing. We investigated whether individual chunk sensitivity predicted the online processing of gender cues, a core linguistic feature of Spanish. In a self‐paced reading task, we examined native speakers’ processing of relative clauses in which gender cues (...) were variably exploited to induce processing costs. Even after considering the effect of working memory and cognitive control, the results revealed a significant effect of chunking ability in modulating online sentence processing. Critically, higher‐chunking ability speakers’ reading times showed online sensitivity to core linguistic cues online; while low‐chunking ability readers showed no sensitivity to manipulations, indicating shallow real‐time processing of their native language. (shrink)

One of the fundamental literature traditions that reflect the emotions of knowledge to be found in mystical literature of Iberian Peninsula. This paper analyses the role of ‘gaudium’ in the work of Fr. Juan de los Ángeles O.F.M. first considering the work of Fr. Luis de Granada. Second reflecting the philosophical construction of the mystical theology of Franciscan master: dialogue between scholastic and mystical theology, specially the bonaventurien imprint in gaudium sapere as philosophy of love. The historiographical category of Poetic (...) Tradition could be useful as a basis of this reflexion. (shrink)

This paper, studies the way how St. Bonaventure deepens to the “Christian Socratism” . St. Bonaventure through the philosophical, theological and Franciscans sources understands that the soul is united with the Good. The anthropology is not only philosophical, and the Good is not only a concept of the philosophy. San Buenaventura adds to the schemes of Plato and Aristotle, the Biblical scheme who understand that the soul is “image of God”. In Itinerarium mentis in Deum an alternative motto to the (...) self knowledge sets out to us. It is invited to us to watch the soul that is loved itself, which supposes one of the sources of voluntarism.El artículo estudia el modo cómo san Buenaventura profundiza el “socratismo cristiano” . San Buenaventura a través de las fuentes filosóficas, teológicas y franciscanas entiende que el alma se une con el Bien. Pero ni la antropología es sólo filosófica, ni el Bien es sólo un concepto de la filosofía. San Buenaventura añade a los esquemas de Platón y Aristóteles, el bíblico que muestra que el alma es “imagen de Dios”. En el Itinerarium mentis in Deum se nos propone un lema alternativo al autoconocimiento. Se nos invita a mirar el alma que se ama a sí misma, lo que supone una de las fuentes del voluntarismo. (shrink)

Nature of natura: un approach on mystic and science in peninsular Iberian medieval Franciscanism The present paper shows the relationship between the concepts Natura and Nature at Castillan Court and Franciscan Peninsular thinking on XIII century. Especially we study this distinction in Juan Gil de Zamora wisdom methodology of natural philosophy, equilibrating science, and mystical approach.

El trabajo presenta las distintas actividades científicas que con motivo del cuarto centenario del fallecimiento de Francisco Suárez se han celebrado y se han organizado durante el año 2017 o el curso académico 2017-18. En las iniciativas presentadas se advierte la vigencia de la reflexión suareciana, no sólo por su relevancia histórica, sino también como un pensamiento con el que poder replantear los retos de nuestra situación contemporánea.

The nature of envy has recently been the subject of a heated debate. Some researchers see envy as a complex, yet unitary construct that despite being hostile in nature can lead to both hostile and...

The question about the faith and the science in the Middle Ages is very broad. For this reason, this paper reflects the thoughts of the author which are very significant for the comprehension of transition from the generation who faced the challenges of the Aristotelism in the 13th century and the Syllabus from 1277, to the generation which discussesed several questions related to the anthropological and metaphysical issue. In this respect Gonsalvus Hispanus, Duns Escoto’s teacher, helps us to understand the (...) reception of the idea of science in the post-condemnation context. We specially pay our attention to the 9th Question in order to consider the relationship between science and faith, knowledge of authority and scientific knowledge, science and wisdom. (shrink)

La doctrina del ejemplarismo de origen platónico fue una de las causas paradigmáticas medievales del agustinismo medieval. Su progresiva eliminación fue un síntoma de la irrupción del pensamiento aristotélico. La modernidad aristotélica fue sustituyéndolo al reducir la causalidad a las cuatro causas aristotélicas. Fuera de la tradición aristotélica no se abandonó la causalidad ejemplar. Un caso lo tenemos en la referencia que hace Francisco Suárez a la causa ejemplar. En este estudio situamos algunas claves del contexto de pensamiento sobre la (...) causa ejemplar que recibió Francisco Suárez en diálogo con algunos otros autores de la Escuela de Salamanca. (shrink)

Sampaio Bruno es uno de los autores culturales más significativos de Oporto y de todo Portugal. Su pensamiento filosófico-religioso se inscribe en el marco de un romanticismo tardío que se expresa de forma especial en su concepción mística. La mística de Sampaio Bruno expresa su romanticismo en la lectura ecléctica, antimetafísica y gnóstica de la tradición filosófica, que sin embargo confirma la riqueza de esa tradición en la búsqueda del infinito.

La Escuela franciscana ha sido clave en el pensamiento y reflexión económica. El artículo pretende señalar algunos aspectos de la reflexión de Buenaventura sobre la pobreza y el dominio en el Francisco que aparece en la Leyenda Mayor. Se señala la vinculación con el itinerario espiritual y el dominio de sí mismo. In the economics thought and reflexion, Franciscan School has been critical. The paper could indicate several aspects for the Bonaventurian reflexion about poverty and dominion across the image of (...) Francis of Assisi of Leyenda Mayor. The spiritual way and self-dominion are marked on the paper. (shrink)

Pretendemos poner de manifiesto en este estudio la importancia y relevancia del amor en la reflexión filosófico-teológica cristiana a partir de uno de sus más grandes maestros: san Buenaventura. Nos centramos en los distintos significados del término “amor” a partir de los sujetos protagonistas del amor: el hombre y Dios. E intentamos extraer algunas consecuencias filosóficas de la afirmación de “Dios es amor” en el pensador franciscano. San Buenaventura muestra un dominio del pensamiento anterior a él al que añade la (...) impronta de su ser franciscano, mostrando un pensamiento realmente original y sugerente. We intend to make clear the importance of love in the christian philosophicaltheological reflection through one of its greatest masters: St. Buenaventura. We will focus on the different meanings of the term “love” by looking at its two main subjects, that is, Man and God. Besides, we will try to comprehend some consequences of the statement “God is Love” according to this Franciscan thinker. St. Buenaventura shows a great command of the currents of thinking previos to his own. This, added to his being Franciscan, makes his doctrine truly orignal and suggestive. (shrink)

San Pedro de Alcántara destaca por su vida de profundización en la vida contemplativa y mística. Un ejemplo palpable de esta actitud la encontramos su Tratado de Oración y Meditación. En esta reflexión realizamos una lectura filosófica de un párrafo de la meditación del primar día de esta obra alcantarina. Desde la antropología existencial, el autor del Tratado nos invita a la contemplación de uno mismo, para llegar a la trascendencia y la alteridad que deja su huella en lo más (...) profundo del ser personal. Saint Pedro of Alcántara stands out for his enthusiasm for a comtemplative and mystical life. A very good instance of his disposition towards this can be found in his “Tratado de Oración y Meditación”. In this reflection we can interpret philosophically a paragraph from this particular work, which deals with meditation on the first day, that is to say, on Monday. By means of existential anthropology, the author invites us to look thoroughly into ourselves so that we can reach a transcendental state which will mark our inner self. (shrink)

Collective book dedicated to the philosophical thought of Francisco Suárez.